Presenting Leadership for Social Justice
Integrated Service Delivery
About this multimedia case

What is ISD?

Franklin School

Why was ISD made?

How was ISD built?

What happened as a result of ISD?

How would it work in my school?

Home > Why was ISD made?

Why was Integrated Service Delivery made?

Students had to leave their classroom for special services. Special needs students had to deal with a number of teachers and disjointed curriculum, and teachers did not have time to communicate with all the specialist teachers about students' learning. As a result, no adult felt fully responsible to these students for whom adult responsibility and care was the most important.

Deb Hoffman felt ISD needed to bring these students back into the regular classroom. Instead of having students move to adults, the adults would have to restructure their roles to work with students in classrooms. ISD would help students strengthen personal connections forged in classrooms with peers and teachers.

Text of the audio clip




What motivated the restructuring at Franklin?